Proposed HGF/c-Met potentiation (the main mechanism paper, PMID 25187433, was retracted in 2025); a 2020 review states its effect is not via IRAP inhibition · Peptide
Evidence gap: No human data and no approved product. Evidence is from rodent studies, mostly from one research group. The principal mechanism paper (Benoist et al. 2014, PMID 25187433) received an expression of concern in 2021 and was retracted in April 2025.
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Administration reported for this specific study or labeled indication.
Context: 24-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats
Animal study regimen: Amount: 2 mg/kg; Route: Oral gavage; Frequency: Daily before maze testing; Duration: 8 test days; Species: Rat; Population: 24-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats
Limitations: Small groups in a water-maze spatial-learning experiment.
Open this exact record in the library →Suggest a correctionA 2018 systematic review of 32 animal studies reported that dihexa reversed scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats when given intracerebroventricularly (1.0 nmol), intraperitoneally (0.50 mg/kg/day) or orally (2.0 mg/kg/day).
Context: Animal studies only (rats, mice); no human data.
Limitations: Animal data from one research group; the review's mechanism discussion relies partly on a paper retracted in 2025 (PMID 25187433).
Open this exact record in the library →Suggest a correctionA 2020 review of angiotensin IV-derived IRAP inhibitors describes dihexa (PNB-0408) as a brain-penetrant Ang IV derivative with pro-cognitive effects in animal models, notes there are no data on IRAP inhibition by dihexa, and concludes its cognitive effects are not attributable to IRAP inhibition.
Context: Narrative review; preclinical sources.
Limitations: Review with no new data; its c-Met mechanism citation (PMID 25187433) was retracted in 2025.
Open this exact record in the library →Suggest a correctionNo other compound in this public edition uses this pathway label.
Browse this pathway in the library →Educational research summary. Study amounts are research context, not a dose recommendation. Not medical advice.